Exodus 20 (last 5 commands)

1 Go over the first five words from memory.

Can you do it? I’ll put the abbreviated form at the bottom. Remember the picture hints.

2 How did Jesus sum up the last five?

Love your neighbor as yourself.

3 How did Jesus expand on the sixth?

To hate was equivalent of murder; to insult or to call someone a fool (reprobate) was bad enough to be brought before  judges.

4 On what are these laws based?

These basic moral laws are derived from the nature and character of God. Without God there is no basis for morality.

5 What is the technical definition of 7? Jesus definition?

To lie with a another man’s wife. Jesus said we are guilty when we entertain thoughts of lust toward another. He took it to the issue of the heart where sin begins.

6 How do we resist temptation?

Capture your thoughts 2Corinthians 10:5 and make them submit to Jesus. Stay in the Word. Submit to the Holy Spirit.

7 What is in the heart of someone who breaks the eighth command?

That God made a mistake to give that thing to another person and not to entrust it to you. It is a lack of trust in God.

8 What is the technical meaning of 9? The broad meaning?

To tell a lie in court about your neighbor. The broader meaning is to deceive another for your own gain.

9 What causes us to break the tenth?

We are not being satisfied with God, so we seek satisfaction in things.

10 How can we recall each command?

Remember the pictures (1 for God is #1; 2 as someone bowing to an idol; 3 as lips that take God’s name in vain; 4 as someone standing and praying as they remember the Sabbath; 5 in the middle honoring God by honoring your parents; 6 as a bomb- murder; 7 as the crack in a broken heart- adultery; 8 as the mask of a burgler – do not steal; 9 on its back lying down – do not lie; and 10 as a door cracked open with someone peering through at a diamond ring.

11 What purpose does the Law serve?

It shows us our great need for a Savior. It is the teacher that brings us to Jesus.

12 Explain fear in verse 20.

Don’t fear that God is out to destroy us, but fear the consequences and justice that sin merits.

I hope you will see that the 10 Commandments are not just a thing of the past, but the moral basis for all we do. If you wonder about whether something is right or not see how it relates to the character of God revealed in these commands.

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Exodus 20:18-20

¹⁸ Now when all the people saw the thunder and the flashes of lightning and the sound of the trumpet and the mountain smoking, the people were afraid and trembled, and they stood far off ¹⁹ and said to Moses, “You speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, lest we die.” We have casually gone through the commands of God and for most it’s just more Bible study blogs. But remember, they were hearing the voice of God. The ground was shaking, the mountain was smoking, and God’s voice thundered.

Their response was to ask Moses to be their priest. “You go meet with God and tell us what He says. It’s just too frightening for us!” In one sense, that is what God wanted. (Deuteronomy 5:28[notes1] ) He wanted them to trust Moses was hearing God. He wanted us to see in Moses the need for our Great High Priest, Jesus. He is the one that would make the intimacy God desired with mankind possible, through His death for our sins. Now we can truly become a kingdom of priests. (1Peter 2:9-10[notes2] )

²⁰ Moses said to the people, “Do not fear, for God has come to test you, that the fear of him may be before you, that you may not sin.” Don’t fear but do fear. Don’t fear that God is an angry, judgmental, destroyer of life. He’s not your enemy. He has come to teach you to fear His justice upon sin. It is His love for you that wants you to live in the freedom of His laws. It is His love that desires that your life be free from the consequences of sin. Fear His justice, but don’t fear His intentions toward you. He longs for you to find life in Him. (2Peter 3:9[notes3] ) He longs to be first in your life. He desires to make you His treasure and that you have access to Him at all times. (Matthew 11:28-30[notes4] )

While the people stood back from the mountain, trembling in fear, Moses went into the thick darkness of the cloud and received the words of the covenant. Later, He will go up to receive the tablets carved with the finger of God and receive instructions for the building of the Tabernacle.

The very next instructions are about worship. Through sacrifice the people would look forward to the One who would give them access to God without the fear of judgment. Sacrifice pointed to the need of judgment and the severity of sin. The stones of the altar of worship were not to be chiseled, but natural stone. It pointed to the salvation having nothing to do with man’s work. It would all be of God who would provide the perfect lamb that would take away the sins of the world. (John 1:29[notes5] )

We could never keep these 10 rules. Jesus kept them in our place, and then took the judgment we deserve for breaking God’s basic rules. In accepting what He did for us, we find we have been made right with God. We have access to His throne without fear. We strive to keep the commands because our hearts have been changed. Will you memorize them? Will you meditate upon them?

28 And the LORD heard the voice of your words, when ye spake unto me; and the LORD said unto me, I have heard the voice of the words of this people, which they have spoken unto thee: they have well said all that they have spoken.

[notes2] 1 Peter 2:9-10 (ESV)

9 But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light.

10 Once you were not a people, but now you are God’s people; once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.

[notes3] 2 Peter 3:9 (ESV)

9 The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance.

[notes4] Matthew 11:28-30 (ESV)

28 Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. 29 Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. 30 For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.”

[notes5] John 1:29 (ESV)

29 The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

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Exodus 20:17 Coveting

Finally, the last of the ten is the clincher. ¹⁷ “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.” Covet means to intensely desire something for your own. God looks upon the heart. This why Jesus said that even to look on a woman to lust after her is adultery. This is the root of thievery, a heart craving after something that belongs to another.

God desires for us to find our contentment in Him. When our hearts are satisfied in Him, when the first commands are truly kept from the heart, we don’t have the need to see things in this life as a source of satisfaction.  (1Timothy 6:6[notes1] ) If we are satisfied with God, we don’t make idols out of His creation. We take time to be with Him. We won’t be lusting after another’s wife or stealing to obtain things or lying to advance our self over others. (Hebrews 13:5[notes2] )

When the rich young ruler came to Jesus and asked the way to eternal life, Jesus told him to keep the commands. Matthew 19:18-20 (ESV)¹⁸ He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, “You shall not murder, You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness, ¹⁹ Honor your father and mother, and, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” ²⁰ The young man said to him, “All these I have kept. What do I still lack?”

Did you notice Jesus quoted all the relational commands except for the last one? The young ruler was outwardly perfect, but inwardly his heart craved the security of wealth. Jesus answer was to give his wealth away to break the covetousness in his heart. If greed is your vice, kill it by finding the joy in giving… “and come follow me.” (Luke 12:15[notes3] )

You can remember command number ten is not to covet by thinking of the number one as a door cracked open with two eyes staring through at a big diamond ring that is the zero.

Coveting things is trying to fill the void in our hearts that only God can fill. You can’t keep the commands unless your heart is filled with God. The Law is our schoolmaster to bring us to Christ. (Galatians 3:24[notes4] ) It shows us the basic level of goodness/Godness to reveal how lost we are. Then we know we need a Savior.

Some of you saw the Way of the Master program that was the inspiration for the numbers as pictures to memorize the commands. Ray Comfort approaches people and asks them if they are going to heaven. He goes through a few of the commands with them and as they confess that they have broken them, he explains that they are lying, murdering, adulterers. Then he shares the way of salvation. I wouldn’t recommend that method on everyone. My conviction is that we need the leading of the Holy Spirit rather than a formula, but Ray’s point is valid. People aren’t likely to come to Christ unless they see how desperately they need Him.

5 and constant friction among people who are depraved in mind and deprived of the truth, imagining that godliness is a means of gain.

6 Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment,

[notes2] 1 Timothy 6:5-6 (ESV)

5 and constant friction among people who are depraved in mind and deprived of the truth, imagining that godliness is a means of gain.

6 Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment,

[notes3] Luke 12:15 (ESV)

15 And he said to them, “Take care, and be on your guard against all covetousness, for one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”

[notes4] Galatians 3:24 (ESV)

24 So then, the law was our guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith.

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